Population & Settlement
It turns out that India has what is believed to be one of the oldest civilizations. The earliest settlement known in India is by the Indus Valley Civilization that can be traced back to the beginnings of human civilizations. It is known as the Indus Valley Civilization because, it originated in the land around the Indus River. (This civilization is one of the four river civilizations that existed.) This civilization is also known as the Harappan Civilization. It flourished sometime around 2,500 B.C. but, was not known about until the 1920’s when archeologist found the ancient cities that this civilization had built. The Indus Civilization had much to work with in the area in which they flourished. They were right next to the Indus River which gave them water to survive and grow crops. Crops such as wheat and barley. They also had an abundance of natural resources and evidence from their cities show that they used metals such as copper, iron and many others that were found around the area. It is believed that the Indus Valley people also ate foods such as fruits, vegetables, mutton, pork and eggs which they gathered from trading and farming in the near lands. The Harappan had a highly developed urban civilization. The people lived in well-developed cities with drainage system and wide roads. Some of the buildings and houses were up to three stories high and were made out of baked bricks. Archeologist look at the cities and can see the very well thought out and planned cities. They predict they had some type of “government” that kept them so well maintained and organized. Archeologists and historians have some theories as to why such a well-developed civilization disappeared. The theories are that the Harappans were invaded by other civilizations, another is that reoccurring floods made it difficult for the crops to grow and made it a harsh place to live. The last theory is that there was an earthquake that changed the way in which rivers ran and changed what the Harappans knew. The Indus Valley Civilization had a couple advantages just like the Europeans had with the Fertile Crescent. Location/geography played a huge role in how well developed and how long the Indus thrived for. They had a constant water supply that gave them water to drink and water to grow their crops with. They had a climate that they knew how to farm in and their location also allowed for easy travel. The land they settled in was flat and it allowed them to build their cities without too much danger and risks. This civilization had the right tools to thrive in their time. They had water supply, crops, a variety of foods (fruits, vegetables, mutton, etc.) and a good geographical location. Farming was possible in the cities and if not near they had different land types to explore. The Indus had natural metals such as copper and iron to use but, they were not violent people. After looking at their cities archeologists found very little weapons which can attribute to why they were not prepared if they were invaded by another civilization. This civilization was the beginning of settlement in India and from there it only grew as people migrated. Sources The World Factbook: India. (2015, September 1). Retrieved September 14, 2015, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html Ancient History. (n.d.). Retrieved September 14, 2015, from http://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/culture_heritage.php?id=2 |
Citation: https://aditirindani.wordpress.com/tag/infrastructure/
Caption: The remains of the city of Harappa. This shows how well developed and organized this early civilization was. The city built out of baked bricks and was quite big. |
Citation: Indus Valley civilization. Map/Still. Britannica Online for Kids. Web. 14 Sept. 2015. <http://kids.britannica.com/elementary/art-89036>.
Caption: The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the four "River Civilizations". The early civilization was centered and depended on the Indus River. Some of India's modern cities run along the Indus River today. |
Citation: Climate Zone Map of India. Map/Still. Facts-about-India. Web. 14 Sept. 2015. < http://www.facts-about-india.com/climate-of-india.php
Caption: The climate around the Indus River changes as you head up to the Northeast. The Indus River Civilization lived in climates that were hot/dry and humid. This climate gave them sunshine and the river gave them water to farm and thrive. |
For additional information take a look at these websites...
This website will give you many facts and tons of information not just on India but any other country as well. I used this website to find some of the information of early civilizations in India.
This website is from the Indian government and is a direct link to the page about history and the culture of India. This website was also used to find information on early settlement.
This is website is the main page of the Indian government website used to find information on early settlement. You can find infromation about the beginnings of India, history and current events.
This resource gives a brief overview of the history of India and you can find other links to learn even more about India's history and civilizations.
This website gives a clear and great explanation of India's early settlements and history. You can also find articles on different topics that are related to India and its history and culture.
This website will give you many facts and tons of information not just on India but any other country as well. I used this website to find some of the information of early civilizations in India.
This website is from the Indian government and is a direct link to the page about history and the culture of India. This website was also used to find information on early settlement.
This is website is the main page of the Indian government website used to find information on early settlement. You can find infromation about the beginnings of India, history and current events.
This resource gives a brief overview of the history of India and you can find other links to learn even more about India's history and civilizations.
This website gives a clear and great explanation of India's early settlements and history. You can also find articles on different topics that are related to India and its history and culture.
Instead of a website watch this entertaining video on the Indus Civilization. It explains civilizations and then goes into a quick "crash course" of the Indus Civilization. It covers most of what all the websites and articles will go over maybe just not as in depth.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7ndRwqJYDM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7ndRwqJYDM
Population Pyramids
Tie population pyramid from 1955 shows the biggest group in the population to be those from ages 0-4. From this pyramid and numbers one can see that as time passes by and children reach reproductive age there will be an increase in the population. From this map we can say the population will increase rather fast .
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Looking at the population pyramid from 2015 we can see that the population grew to big numbers. (In fact India is on track to having a greater population than China). From this pyramids we can predict the population in India to increase but this time at a slower rate than in 1955 because there seems to be an even amount of children and child bearing adults.
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